Bulgaria

For an EU member state, Bulgaria's media landscape has been notably fragile, historically dominated by a tight-knit group of influential personalities who acquired key media assets for political leverage. Recent years have seen a positive transformation in Bulgaria with the entry of international media groups which have elevated the standards and impartiality of journalism within the mainstream media. 

Unfortunately, Bulgaria faces a combination of low levels of media literacy and historic pro-Kremlin attitudes that have left the country vulnerable to disinformation. It is often referred to as the weak link in Europe’s fight against Russian disinformation.